The Highlands of Iceland: Europe’s Largest Desert Playground

What Exactly Are the Highlands?

 

The Highlands, or “Hálendið” as Icelanders call it, is an elevated plateau in central Iceland, surrounded by glaciers and cut through by rivers and volcanic systems. It’s barren, yes, but it’s also bursting with life in its own way—moss clings to ancient lava rocks, geothermal steam rises from the earth, and rivers weave through black sand deserts.

 

Here’s the kicker: the Highlands are technically Europe’s largest desert, but instead of rolling sand dunes, you’ll find volcanic sand, jagged rock formations, and glacier-fed rivers. It’s a land of extremes, shaped by ice, fire, and the relentless power of wind and water.

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The Geology of the Highlands

 

Iceland’s Highlands are like a live geology class where the Earth itself is the teacher. The region lies smack-dab on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates are pulling apart. This constant movement creates a hotbed of volcanic activity, with magma pushing up through the crust and reshaping the landscape.

 

Some highlights of the geology include:

    •    Lava Fields: The Highlands are home to vast stretches of black, hardened lava, remnants of past eruptions. Some, like the Holuhraun Lava Field, are still warm in places!

    •    Calderas: Massive volcanic craters, like the Askja Caldera, are reminders of Iceland’s explosive past.

    •    Sand Deserts: Volcanic sand swept across the land by glacial rivers creates the eerie, Mars-like terrain of areas like Sprengisandur and Skeiðarársandur.

    •    Glacial Rivers: Rivers like Þjórsá and Jökulsá á Fjöllum are fed by melting glaciers, carving deep canyons and creating stunning waterfalls.

    •    Hot Springs: The geothermal activity beneath the Highlands creates hot springs like those at Hveravellir, where you can soak in warmth while surrounded by icy wilderness.

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Legends of the Highlands: Where Myth Meets Mystery

 

The Highlands aren’t just geologically fascinating—they’re steeped in myths and legends. Icelanders have long believed in Huldufólk, or hidden people, and the Highlands are thought to be one of their favorite hangouts. Travelers have reported strange encounters, like hearing voices or feeling watched in the vast emptiness. Whether it’s folklore or the sheer eeriness of the landscape, the Highlands spark the imagination.

 

Some stories to keep in mind:

    •    The Outlaws of Sprengisandur: In centuries past, outlaws used the Highlands’ remote terrain as their hideout. Legends say their ghosts still haunt the barren plains.

    •    Trolls Turned to Stone: Many of the jagged rock formations in the Highlands are said to be trolls caught by the sun and turned to stone. Keep an eye out—you might spot one!

    •    The Witch of Hveravellir: This geothermal oasis is rumored to have been home to a powerful sorceress who protected her land with spells and curses.

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Highlights of the Highlands: Must-Visit Spots

 

    •    Landmannalaugar: The crown jewel of the Highlands, known for its rainbow-colored rhyolite mountains, lava fields, and natural hot springs.

    •    Askja Caldera: A stunning volcanic crater lake where NASA trained astronauts for moon missions. (Yes, it looks that otherworldly.)

    •    Kerlingarfjöll: A geothermal paradise with steaming vents, vibrant orange mountains, and hiking trails that feel like stepping onto another planet.

    •    Veiðivötn: A series of crater lakes surrounded by stark black sand. Perfect for solitude, fishing, and surreal photos.

    •    Hvannalindir: A lush oasis in the middle of the desert, surrounded by volcanic ridges and steeped in legends of outlaws and elves.

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When to Visit and How to Get There

 

The Highlands are only accessible during the summer months, from June to September, when the snow melts and the F-roads open. These roads aren’t your typical scenic drives—they’re rugged, unpaved tracks that require a 4x4 vehicle and a sense of adventure. River crossings, rocky terrain, and dramatic weather changes are all part of the experience.

 

For those who’d rather not test their off-road skills, guided tours (like ours!) are the safest and most enjoyable way to explore the region.

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The Fragility of the Highlands

 

Despite their tough exterior, the Highlands are surprisingly fragile. The delicate moss that blankets parts of the landscape can take decades to grow back if damaged. Stick to marked trails, avoid driving off-road, and always follow Leave No Trace principles. Respect the land, and it will reward you with its breathtaking beauty.

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Good to Know About the Highlands

 

    1.    The Weather Is Wild

The Highlands are notorious for rapid weather changes. Sunny one minute, snowing the next. Always check the forecast and pack layers.

    2.    Prepare for Solitude

Gas stations and shops are few and far between, so stock up on supplies before heading out. And by supplies, we mean food, water, and enough snacks to last an apocalypse.

    3.    Legends Come Alive

Even if you don’t believe in elves or trolls, there’s something magical about the Highlands that makes you rethink everything.

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Why Visit the Highlands?

 

The Highlands are more than a destination—they’re an experience. It’s a place where time seems to stand still, where you can lose yourself in the vastness and reconnect with nature in its rawest form. From its geological wonders to its mythical charm, the Highlands are a reminder of how wild and wonderful our planet can be.

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Ready to Explore Iceland’s Wild Side?

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Join our Highland Tours and let us guide you through the magic and mystery of Iceland’s rugged heart. Whether it’s hiking, soaking in a hot spring, or simply standing in awe of the vastness, we’ve got you covered.